The common transaction methods of international freight and the difference between customs declarati
- Author:Chelsea
- Source:seabay
- Release Date:2020-05-29
The common transaction methods of international freight and the difference between customs declaration
If it is determined that the goods are to be exported in international trade, you can give the freight forwarding related matters to the freight forwarder. First of all, you must understand several common ways of closing international freight.
1. Delivery price on board FOB
Popularly speaking, foreign customers have appointed a freight forwarder, and only need the consignor to arrange the trailer and customs declaration at the port of shipment. There are also EXW ex-factory prices that are delivered directly at the factory or the trailer declaration at the customer's designated place is arranged by the customer. The customer picks up the goods and the factory delivery is sufficient.
2. CIF cost plus insurance and freight
The popular point of understanding is that door-to-port (including the trailer at the port of departure + customs declaration + sea freight) is generally said to not include insurance. The customer requires insurance to be calculated based on the value of the goods. The term CIP can also be used. CIF is generally only used in shipping. CIP is applicable to various modes of transportation including multimodal transportation, such as air transportation.
3. DDU Shuangqing unpaid tax delivery
DDP is Shuangqing after-tax delivery (including tax). The popular point of understanding is door-to-door. It is often said that the Shuangqing one-stop includes the port trailer + customs declaration + shipping + destination port customs clearance. The need for delivery to the door depends mainly on the customer The need to pay attention to is that DDP must provide the value of the goods because the tax payment is based on the value of the goods.
When inquiring the price from the freight forwarder, it is best to state FOB / CIF / DDU / DDP, etc. If it is FOB, you need to provide: product name / container type / quantity / weight / loading address / port of shipment / bill of purchase or document. Of course, it may also be bulk goods, without providing the cabinet type, only need to provide the quantity: a few parties.
1. Delivery price on board FOB
Popularly speaking, foreign customers have appointed a freight forwarder, and only need the consignor to arrange the trailer and customs declaration at the port of shipment. There are also EXW ex-factory prices that are delivered directly at the factory or the trailer declaration at the customer's designated place is arranged by the customer. The customer picks up the goods and the factory delivery is sufficient.
2. CIF cost plus insurance and freight
The popular point of understanding is that door-to-port (including the trailer at the port of departure + customs declaration + sea freight) is generally said to not include insurance. The customer requires insurance to be calculated based on the value of the goods. The term CIP can also be used. CIF is generally only used in shipping. CIP is applicable to various modes of transportation including multimodal transportation, such as air transportation.
3. DDU Shuangqing unpaid tax delivery
DDP is Shuangqing after-tax delivery (including tax). The popular point of understanding is door-to-door. It is often said that the Shuangqing one-stop includes the port trailer + customs declaration + shipping + destination port customs clearance. The need for delivery to the door depends mainly on the customer The need to pay attention to is that DDP must provide the value of the goods because the tax payment is based on the value of the goods.
When inquiring the price from the freight forwarder, it is best to state FOB / CIF / DDU / DDP, etc. If it is FOB, you need to provide: product name / container type / quantity / weight / loading address / port of shipment / bill of purchase or document. Of course, it may also be bulk goods, without providing the cabinet type, only need to provide the quantity: a few parties.
The difference between the customs declaration and the document declaration
Only enterprises / factories with export rights have documents. Document declaration needs to provide a complete set of customs declaration materials to the freight forwarder / customs broker. The state encourages exports and refunds tax to enterprises with export rights. Therefore, enterprises that declare documents can mainly apply for tax refunds. The specific refund depends on the national policy corresponding to the goods.
Paying customs declaration refers to enterprises that do not have the right to export and use other people's documents for customs declaration, so they do not need to provide documents and certainly do not have the right to rebate tax.
CIF needs to provide:
Goods name / container type / quantity / weight / loading address / port of departure / bill of purchase or document, and destination port DDU / DDP need to provide the value of the goods based on CIF information based on customer specific requirements / Destination detailed address / consignee information, etc.
When the freight forwarder receives the above information, it will give the consignor (customer) a quotation to confirm the quotation and take the order. Generally, the customer needs to provide: packing list / provide the manifest to fill in the information for the customer and confirm the customer (including the packing list information) / Schedule etc.)
Take CIF as an example:
The freight forwarder makes booking arrangements to the shipping company for trailers (listing the container number, license plate number, driver and contact number), etc. The shipping company issues SO (booking order / lifting list)
Give the pick-up list to the trailer driver. The driver takes the pick-up list to the yard for ordering. After ordering, the driver will get a "equipment transfer order" (a multi-link) and a sealed driver with the information to the designated yard. Lift the empty container, and then go to the factory to load the container. After the factory has loaded the goods, seal the box with a lead seal (usually take photos to obtain evidence) and then pull the sealed container back to the dock.
After the container arrives at the yard, the yard will be delivered according to the pre-delivery manifest provided by the freight forwarder. After the "pre-delivery manifest" and "delivery information", the customs broker can declare the customs. It is usually best to leave two for the customs declaration. Days time (before ship cut-off)
The process is like this, and other matters depend on the specific situation. Customers who hold information such as bills of lading / invoices / packing slips can pick up and clear customs after the goods arrive in port.
The most common transaction methods are: EXW FOB CFR CIF
[EXW]
EXW (Ex Works), Chinese meaning "factory delivery", means that when the seller delivers the goods to the buyer for disposal at the location or other designated place (such as factory, factory or warehouse), the delivery is completed, the seller does not Go through export customs clearance procedures or load the goods on any means of transportation.
【Precautions】
Under this trade method, the seller is generally unable to obtain transportation documents for export goods. Customs will usually print "FOB" in the column of customs declaration transaction method.
[FOB]
FOB (Free On Board), Chinese meaning "shipping price", also known as "offshore price", refers to the transaction at the FOB price, the buyer is responsible for sending the ship to take the goods, the seller should be at the port of shipment specified in the contract And load the goods on the vessel designated by the buyer within the prescribed time limit, and notify the buyer in time.
[CFR (C & F)]
CFR (Cost and Freight), Chinese meaning "cost plus freight", refers to the delivery on the ship at the port of shipment, the seller must pay the cost of shipping the goods to the designated port of destination.
[CIF]
CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight) in Chinese means "cost plus insurance plus freight", according to this term, the composition of the goods price includes the general freight from the port of shipment to the agreed destination port and the agreed insurance fee, so In addition to the same obligations as the CFR terminology, the seller must also provide freight insurance for the buyer and pay insurance premiums.
Under the three transaction methods of FOB, CFR and CIF, the risk transfer is based on the ship port of the shipping port.
CFR (C & F) usually refers to FOB + freight
CIF usually refers to FOB + freight + insurance premium
The difference between the four transaction methods
Only enterprises / factories with export rights have documents. Document declaration needs to provide a complete set of customs declaration materials to the freight forwarder / customs broker. The state encourages exports and refunds tax to enterprises with export rights. Therefore, enterprises that declare documents can mainly apply for tax refunds. The specific refund depends on the national policy corresponding to the goods.
Paying customs declaration refers to enterprises that do not have the right to export and use other people's documents for customs declaration, so they do not need to provide documents and certainly do not have the right to rebate tax.
CIF needs to provide:
Goods name / container type / quantity / weight / loading address / port of departure / bill of purchase or document, and destination port DDU / DDP need to provide the value of the goods based on CIF information based on customer specific requirements / Destination detailed address / consignee information, etc.
When the freight forwarder receives the above information, it will give the consignor (customer) a quotation to confirm the quotation and take the order. Generally, the customer needs to provide: packing list / provide the manifest to fill in the information for the customer and confirm the customer (including the packing list information) / Schedule etc.)
Take CIF as an example:
The freight forwarder makes booking arrangements to the shipping company for trailers (listing the container number, license plate number, driver and contact number), etc. The shipping company issues SO (booking order / lifting list)
Give the pick-up list to the trailer driver. The driver takes the pick-up list to the yard for ordering. After ordering, the driver will get a "equipment transfer order" (a multi-link) and a sealed driver with the information to the designated yard. Lift the empty container, and then go to the factory to load the container. After the factory has loaded the goods, seal the box with a lead seal (usually take photos to obtain evidence) and then pull the sealed container back to the dock.
After the container arrives at the yard, the yard will be delivered according to the pre-delivery manifest provided by the freight forwarder. After the "pre-delivery manifest" and "delivery information", the customs broker can declare the customs. It is usually best to leave two for the customs declaration. Days time (before ship cut-off)
The process is like this, and other matters depend on the specific situation. Customers who hold information such as bills of lading / invoices / packing slips can pick up and clear customs after the goods arrive in port.
The most common transaction methods are: EXW FOB CFR CIF
[EXW]
EXW (Ex Works), Chinese meaning "factory delivery", means that when the seller delivers the goods to the buyer for disposal at the location or other designated place (such as factory, factory or warehouse), the delivery is completed, the seller does not Go through export customs clearance procedures or load the goods on any means of transportation.
【Precautions】
Under this trade method, the seller is generally unable to obtain transportation documents for export goods. Customs will usually print "FOB" in the column of customs declaration transaction method.
[FOB]
FOB (Free On Board), Chinese meaning "shipping price", also known as "offshore price", refers to the transaction at the FOB price, the buyer is responsible for sending the ship to take the goods, the seller should be at the port of shipment specified in the contract And load the goods on the vessel designated by the buyer within the prescribed time limit, and notify the buyer in time.
[CFR (C & F)]
CFR (Cost and Freight), Chinese meaning "cost plus freight", refers to the delivery on the ship at the port of shipment, the seller must pay the cost of shipping the goods to the designated port of destination.
[CIF]
CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight) in Chinese means "cost plus insurance plus freight", according to this term, the composition of the goods price includes the general freight from the port of shipment to the agreed destination port and the agreed insurance fee, so In addition to the same obligations as the CFR terminology, the seller must also provide freight insurance for the buyer and pay insurance premiums.
Under the three transaction methods of FOB, CFR and CIF, the risk transfer is based on the ship port of the shipping port.
CFR (C & F) usually refers to FOB + freight
CIF usually refers to FOB + freight + insurance premium
The difference between the four transaction methods
